Nova Scotia introduces stricter cannabis rules targeting illegal sales

The legislation—introduced today in the House of Assembly—updates the Cannabis Control Act and focuses on enforcement gaps that officials say have allowed parts of the illegal market to persist. Attorney General and Justice Minister Scott Armstrong says the changes are designed to reinforce protections for youth while ensuring adults can access legal, tested products safely.

“We are strengthening the Cannabis Control Act through expanded enforcement authority, increased fines and addressing evidentiary issues,” Armstrong said. “These amendments will protect our young people and ensure adults who choose to use cannabis can do so safely, with tested and regulated products.”

One of the most significant changes will allow peace officers—including special constables such as conservation officers—to enforce cannabis laws. Up to now, only police officers had the authority to do so. The province says broadening enforcement will help reach more communities efficiently, particularly in areas where police resources are limited.

The amendments also introduce higher fines and mandatory minimum penalties for people caught selling or distributing cannabis illegally.

The government says illegal online and storefront sellers continue to compete with the Nova Scotia Liquor Corporation (NSLC), which remains the province’s sole authorized distributor and retailer.

A new offence is also being created for landlords who knowingly permit their property to be used for illegal cannabis activity, such as unauthorized grow-ops or sales.

The act has also been adjusted to simplify how courts handle evidence in cannabis‑related cases. Judges will be allowed to rely on “common-sense observations,” such as appearance and odour, when determining whether a substance is cannabis. Courts can also accept a certificate from the NSLC confirming whether someone accused of unauthorized selling purchased the product through legal channels—saving time that would otherwise be spent on lab testing and documentation.

The province additionally highlighted ongoing work with Mi’kmaw communities, who since April 2025 have been permitted under provincial regulations to partner with the NSLC to open legally authorized cannabis retail stores on reserve. The government says these partnerships support both safer access and Indigenous economic development.

Cannabis was legalized federally in 2018, but provinces were left to develop their own rules around retailing, enforcement, and public safety. Nova Scotia maintains one of the most centralized systems in Canada, with the NSLC controlling the entire legal supply chain.

The full text of the amendments is available through the Nova Scotia Legislature, along with the current version of the Cannabis Control Act.